A simple DVD player is described in the following state transition diagram:
States shown in the diagram:

All round trips are feasible, even those that do not start at OFF. How many test cases will be needed for complete round-trip coverage?

• A. 9
• B. 12
• C. 10
• D. 11

You are assigned to an Agile team as a Test Analyst. In most ways, the team seems to be working well.
Iteration planning goes smoothly because the user stories are good quality. Most defects that are found by testing are fixed in the same iteration and those that do go live are not causing significant dissatisfaction amongst stakeholders. However, the team is unhappy because the Defect Removal Efficiency rate, measured for each iteration, is less than 80%.
What would be the MOST effective contribution by you as a TA, to improve the situation?

• A. Reviewing requirements
• B. Participating in root cause analysis
• C. Defect data collection and evaluation
• D. Participating in retrospectives

You are working on a project to replace an old sales and merchandising system with a new system that will be based on modern platforms. The old system is still in production but is poorly documented and expensive to maintain. The new version will be developed using modern technology. The main requirements for the system are that it shall:
* Load sales data, sent electronically from the stores each evening, into a central database.
* Produce actual sales reports for the merchandisers, whose job is to manage stock levels in stores.
* Produce sales forecast reports based on a combination of sales history and forecasting parameters. The parameters will be entered by the merchandisers into a browser-based front end and the reports will be produced overnight. The users will be able to see the reports next day, on screen or in print, by requesting this through the browser.
Requirements 1 and 2 are satisfied by the existing system and will be rewritten with no significant changes.
Requirement 3 is new and has been clearly specified.
The entry of forecasting parameters and of requests to see the reports will be low volume, but the Merchandising Manager is concerned about usability because the forecasting parameters are complex.
Which test charter would be BEST for the initial exploratory testing of requirement 3?

• A. Explore the report request entry features With their requirements specification To discover any usability issues
• B. Explore the actual sales report production features With examples of the current reports To discover any adverse impact of requirement 3 on requirement 2
• C. Explore the forecasting parameter entry features With their requirements specification To discover any usability issues
• D. Explore the forecasting parameter entry features With their requirements specification To discover any performance issues

In which of the following circumstances is the transition from a high-level test case to a low-level test case MOST LIKELY to be deferred from test design to test implementation?

• A. When the details required depend on the test execution schedule
• B. When specific test data are needed for the test case
• C. When product risk analysis has not been completed
• D. When the person who runs the test will not be its author

Your project is developing an application to generate quotes for motor insurance. The calculation requires a wide range of input data and a reliable model of it has been built in a spreadsheet. There will not be enough time to get adequate functional correctness coverage from the base choice or pairwise techniques, so you have decided to do some random testing based on a probability distribution of variable values that is weighted towards their business criticality.
Which limitation of random testing should you be MOST concerned about?

• A. The tests will focus on validation rather than verification
• B. Missing defects that are rooted in the meaning of data semantics
• C. Generating tests that will exercise the same conditions repeatedly
• D. Dependency on an automated test oracle to establish test results